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Ocular changes associated with Giardia lamblia infection in children

机译：小儿贾第鞭毛虫感染相关的眼部变化

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BACKGROUND—The protozoan disease giardiasis can cause ocular complications, including "salt and pepper" retinal changes.
METHODS—Ophthalmic examinations were performed in 141 children (mean age 4.7 (SD 2.0) years) with active or past giardiasis diagnosed on the basis of microscopic examination of stool specimens or duodenal secretions—53 were newly diagnosed and untreated (group A), 50 had active infections in spite of metronidazole therapy (group B), and 38 had been successfully treated, with negative stool specimens for 1-3 years (group C). 300 children with no evidence of giardiasis were used as controls.
RESULTS—Salt and pepper retinal changes (with normal electroretinographic findings) were diagnosed in 28 (19.9%) of the patients with giardiasis (11 from group A, 10 from group B, and seven from group C), including five pairs of siblings. In all subgroups, the children with retinal changes were consistently younger than those with normal retinas. In eight cases, the lesions could be visualised only with direct ophthalmoscopy.
CONCLUSION—Our findings indicate that asymptomatic, non-progressive retinal lesions are particularly common in younger children with giardiasis. This risk does not seem to be related to the severity of the infection, its duration, or the use of metronidazole but may reflect a genetic predisposition.

 Keywords: gastrointestinal disease; Giardia lamblia; eye; retina
机译：背景技术：原生动物疾病贾第鞭毛虫病可引起眼部并发症，包括“盐和胡椒粉”视网膜改变。方法-对141名儿童（平均年龄4.7（SD 2.0）岁）进行了眼科检查，根据粪便标本或十二指肠分泌物的显微镜检查诊断为活动或过去的贾第鞭毛虫病-新诊断并未经治疗的53名儿童（A组），50尽管进行了甲硝唑治疗（B组）仍具有活动性感染，但已成功治疗38例，粪便样本阴性1-3年（C组）。将300名没有贾第鞭毛虫病证据的儿童用作对照。结果-贾第鞭毛虫病（A组11名，B组10名，C组7名）中的28名（19.9％）患者被诊断出盐和胡椒的视网膜变化（视网膜电图检查正常），包括五对兄弟姐妹。在所有亚组中，具有视网膜变化的儿童始终比具有正常视网膜的儿童年轻。在八例中，只有通过直接检眼镜才能看到病变。结论—我们的发现表明，无症状，非进行性视网膜病变在贾第鞭毛虫病的幼儿中尤为常见。这种风险似乎与感染的严重程度，持续时间或甲硝唑的使用无关，但可能反映了遗传易感性。关键词：胃肠道疾病；贾第鞭毛虫眼睛;视网膜

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